
In the book
Notes From Underground, the term underground refers to an emotional place where people live. The narrator of the story is a representative of a type of people who are full of thoughts and feelings but spend most of their life not expressing them. Those thoughts well up and take hold of them. They do not interact with their fellow man as they wish they could, but instead evolve elaborate scenarios of both real and imagined wrongs and triumphant ideas for expression and retribution.
That could sum up the entire book, but this isn't something we want to sum up.
Notes from Underground is not the sort of book to be glossed over and stuck back on a shelf. Dostoyevsky's writings are brimming with ideas, thoughts, truisms, and interesting factoids on life. But there's a devil of a time to pull meaning out of most of this book. It's a rambling discourse on God knows what, for parts of it.